Difference Between TCP IP Model and OSI Model [Key Differences]

When computers are connected in a net, they do not speak nonsense. They also abide by systematic regulations known as network models. In order to realize the flow of information between one device and another, two models are normally employed: OSI Model and TCP/IP Model.

The difference between tcp ip model and osi model assists the student, app developers, and the IT professional to understand how the internet and networks functions behind the scenes.

This blog has a beginning with the complete basics and slowly elaborates on both these models, their layers, strengths, and major differences in a simple manner.

What Is a Computer Network?

A computer network is a collection of objects that are interconnected e.g. computers, mobiles as well as servers.
Whenever you send a message on WhatsApp or visit a site, information is passed through several systems and devices before it reaches you.

In order to ensure that this communication is effective and error-free, networks have standard rules and forms referred to as network models.

What Is a Network Model?

A network model refers to a logical model that describes how data travels between one device and another.
A communication process that was previously performed and handled in one complicated step is broken down into layers, each layer being entrusted with a certain responsibility.

The need of Network Models.

• To integrate communication between devices.
• To simplify network design
• In order to simplify troubleshooting.
• To assist developers to create interoperable software and hardware.

Two major network models are:

• OSI Model
• TCP/IP Model

What Is the OSI Model?

Open Systems Interconnection Model OSI Model is a conceptual model that was established by the International Organization of Standardization (ISO).

It has little to do with actual implementation, but is a description of the data communication process.
The OSI model separates the communication in the network into seven layers which each do a particular job.

Purpose of the OSI Model

• Serves as a model of learning and reference.
• Helps have a clear understanding of networking.
• Helps in diagnosing a network problem.
• Offers a common language to network gurus.

Layers of the OSI Model

OSI model consists of 7 layers which go in a bottom-top fashion:

• Physical Layer – Moves crude information in the form of electrical or optical signal.
• Data Link Layer – Data link layer is concerned with MAC addressing and error detection.
• Network Layer – Routing and IP addressing Routing and IP addressing.
• Transport Layer– Provides reliable data delivery.
• Session Layer – Keeps communication sessions.
• Presentation Layer – Data formatting, encryption, compression
• Application Layer – This interface is in contact with users applications.

What Is the TCP/IP Model?

The TCP/IP Model (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a realistic network model applied in real life communication which also involves the internet.
In contrast to the OSI model, TCP/IP was not only developed to be explained, but to be implemented.

Why the TCP/IP Model Was Developed

• To serve large scale networks.
• To provide long distance reliability of communication.
• To operate the internet and high-tech networks.

Layers of the TCP/IP Model

The TCP IP model consists of 4 layers which are a combination of multiple OSI layers in fewer and more efficient layers;

• Network Access Layer – Physical transmission and hardware addressing.
• Internet Layer – Addressing and routing (IP) which is logical.
• Transport Layer – Dependable/Quick delivery (TCP/UDP)
• Application Layer – Services that are accessible to users such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP.

Difference Between TCP IP Model and OSI Model

To properly comprehend the difference between tcp model and osi model it is worthwhile to compare the purpose of both models, their structure as well as their application in the real world.

The OSI model is interested in conceptual understanding whereas the TCP/IP is interested in the practical application. One of them makes you learn networking, the other makes you apply networking.

The difference between tcp ip model and osi model is particularly obvious in terms of comparing layers and flexibility, as well as adoption.

OSI Model vs TCP/IP Model: Comparison Table

Advantages of the OSI Model

• There is easy separation of layers, resulting in ease of learning.
• Isolates and troubleshoots network problems.
• Neutral and standardized between vendors.
• Best in the learning and understanding of concepts.

Advantages of the TCP/IP Model

• Far and wide on the internet.
• Efficiently scalable and adaptable.
• Allows instant messaging.
• Effective in large and complicated networks.

Why Do We Need Both Models?

The purpose of the two models is different:

OSI Model assists in comprehending the operation of networking.
TCP/IP Model is a guide to put into practice real networking.

The majority of networking practitioners study OSI and apply TCP/IP to work in practice.

When to Use OSI Model vs TCP/IP Model

Use OSI Model

• To acquire the basics of networking.
• For interviews and exams
• On the concept of troubleshooting.

Use TCP/IP Model

• For real network design
• In the case of internet based applications.
• To administer systems and networks.

Conclusion

Differentiating between the TCP ip model and the OSI model is quite important when in the world of networking or IT one begins at the entry level.

The OSI model is a conceptual model giving detailed structure whereas the TCP/IP model is a functional model. Educating in both provides a good grounding, one of the reasons networks work, the other of how they actually work.

FAQs

1. What is the major difference between tcp model and osi model?

The OSI model is conceptual, and has 7 layers, whereas the TCP/IP is practical, and it is applied to the internet with 4 layers.

2. What model are beginners first to learn?

The OSI model is best learnt first because it is easier to understand.

3. What is the reason why TCP/IP has less layers as compared to OSI?

TCP/IP integrates several layers of OSI to reduce the implementation and enhance efficiency.